SynthesisHIV medicine2026
Outcomes of real-world initiation of long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine (LA-I CAB + RPV) in individuals with viraemia: A systematic review of baseline characteristics, virological failure outcomes and discontinuations.
Synthesis in HIV medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Influence of the broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01 on HIV breakthrough virus populations in antibody-mediated prevention trials.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapies for HIV Treatment and Prevention: Clinical Pharmacology, Recent Advances and Future Opportunities.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Bimonthly Administered Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Are Highly Effective and Well-Tolerated in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Above 65 Years.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhen using long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine (CAB + RPV) in individuals with viraemia, beyond small cohorts, little is known about baseline characteristics, virological failure outcomes, resistance emergence, re-suppression and discontinuation.
methodsWe identified evidence from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and conference abstract databases through 17 March 2025 to synthesize data from observational cohort studies (OCS) that reported on virological failure (VF) events in individuals with viraemia at initiation of LA-I CAB + RPV. We extracted data on baseline clinical and socio-demographic characteristics, VF, resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) at VF, post-VF regimen choice, re-suppression and discontinuation.
resultsAcross 14 cohorts including 561 individuals, there were 36 VF events (OCS-level VF rate 0% (n/N = 0/12, 0/12 and 0/10) to 25% (n/N = 3/12)). VF definitions varied. 6/14 OCS (n = 436) reported on baseline CD4 count, 13/14 (n = 543) on baseline viral load and 7/14 (n = 459) on socio-demographic characteristics. Among the 14 VF events with genotypic information available at VF, NNRTI RAMs were identified in 13/14 individuals, INI RAMs in 9/14 and dual-class resistance in 8/14 individuals. Post-VF regimens were reported for 16/36 individuals with VF and included lenacapavir (LEN)-based regimens, protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens or LA-I CAB + RPV continuation. Re-suppression outcomes were described in 10 VF events: re-suppression occurred in 5/10.
conclusionsIn OCS, the follow-up duration was short and VF definitions were highly variable, with few cohorts reporting VF outcomes in people with baseline VL >10 000 c/mL. VF was frequently accompanied by resistance. Post-VF regimens varied, and their success was unclear due to the small sample size.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.