ArticleTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2025
Tracing the Itch: A Spatiotemporal Analysis of Scabies Rates and Its Risk Factors Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Data.
Article in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Tracing the Itch: A Spatiotemporal Analysis of Scabies Rates and Its Risk Factors Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Data.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesScabies is a neglected disease believed to be more prevalent in resource-poor nations. Published data describing global trends in scabies incidence and prevalence rates and factors associated with global regional differences are limited. Identifying regions with scabies prevalence rates over 10% and implementing mass-drug administration is recommended. We aimed to identify global high-risk areas to facilitate region-specific targeted interventions.
methodsData on scabies incidence and prevalence in 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease database. Temporal trends in age-standardised rates were estimated using Joinpoint regression. Local indicators of spatial association were used to determine contiguous areas of high prevalence. The association of socio-demographic and economic factors with scabies was determined using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing and log-normal regression models.
resultsGlobal prevalence of scabies in 2021 was 2.71% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.41% to 3.04%). Age-standardised rates of scabies have marginally declined globally from 1990 to 2021 with an Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) of -0.10 (95% CI: -0.05 to -0.14) for incidence and -0.09 (95% CI: -0.05 to -0.14) for prevalence. Spatial clustering of high scabies prevalence was present in tropical Latin America, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Islands. Rates have shown an increasing trend over time in high-income regions such as Australasia and parts of Europe. Scabies rates have increased over time in high-middle and high sociodemographic index regions. There is a significant positive association between warmer latitudes with increasing urbanisation and scabies prevalence.
conclusionOwing to the exploratory nature of the GBD data, our findings are hypothesis generating, rather than confirmatory. Scabies prevalence remains high in several global regions. Progress to reduce scabies prevalence is slow with existing programmes. Scabies control policies should be further prioritised to accelerate progress in reducing the prevalence of this important tropical disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.