Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40944342›Full record

SynthesisEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2025

Efficacy and Safety of Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors in Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Jia Shen Goh, Sameen Sohail, Haroon Ayub, Zian Zafar Cheema, Nitish Behary Paray, Sanka Adikari, Ahmad Mesmar, Mohammad Atout, Abdul Rehman Qazi, Ahmad Aldalqamouni and 10 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Jia Shen GohDepartment of Renal Medicine, South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK.
Sameen SohailDepartment of Medicine, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees, UK.
Haroon AyubDepartment of Nephrology, Indus Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Zian Zafar CheemaDepartment of Medicine, Amna Inayat Medical College, Sheikhupura, Pakistan.
Nitish Behary ParayDepartment of Cardiology, Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, Taunton, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-7377
Sanka AdikariDepartment of Acute Internal Medicine, Ulster Hospital, Belfast, UK.
Ahmad MesmarDepartment of Cardiology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, UAE.
Mohammad AtoutDepartment of Internal Medicine, The Specialty Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
Abdul Rehman QaziDepartment of General Surgery, South Tyneside District Hospital, South Shields, UK.
Ahmad AldalqamouniDepartment of Medicine, The Specialty Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
Bilal YounasDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK.
Muhammad Atif RaufDepartment of Cardiology, Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology (AFIC), Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Muhammad Azhar Waheed KhanDepartment of Nephrology, University Hospital Monklands, UK.
Aya AbouayanaDepartment of Cardiology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, UAE.
Ahmed Eid Ahmed AbouayanaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Saudi German Hospital, UAE.
Ali HasanDepartment of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8612-1375
Maryam ShahzadDepartment of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3565-8358
Mushood AhmedDepartment of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-8224
Raheel AhmedNational Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2814-7314
Saeed AhmedDepartment of Nephrology, Sunderland Royal Hospital, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypertension remains a major contributor to global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Aldosterone, a key hormone in blood pressure regulation, plays a significant role in hypertension pathophysiology. This has led to growing interest in aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASIs) as a potential treatment. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ASIs in managing hypertension.

methodsA systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Central was conducted up to 13 July 2025, to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating ASIs in hypertensive adults. Data were analysed using RevMan version 5.4, employing random-effects models with significance set at p < 0.05.

resultsA total of 8 RCTs were included, with a total of 2003 participants in the ASI group and 650 participants in the placebo group. ASIs significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to placebo (MD: -6.01 mmHg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -9.31 to -2.71; I

conclusionASIs effectively lower SBP and serum aldosterone in adults with hypertension. They appear safe overall but may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsCytochrome P-450 CYP11B2Enzyme InhibitorsHypertensionBlood PressureHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment OutcomeAntihypertensive AgentsCytochrome P-450 CYP11B2Enzyme Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40944342
PMCPMC12432333

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.