Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40943075›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

A Semi-Automated and Unbiased Microglia Morphology Analysis Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats.

Luke Sumberg, Rina Berman, Antoni Pazgier, Joaquin Torres, Jennifer Qiu, Bodhi Tran, Shannen Greene, Rose Atwood, Martin Boese, Kwang Choi

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Luke SumbergCenter for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.ORCID 0009-0006-3235-9407
Rina BermanCenter for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0517-4224
Antoni PazgierDepartment of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
Joaquin TorresDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Jennifer QiuDepartment of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Bodhi TranBethesda Chevy Chase High School, Bethesda, MD 20815, USA.
Shannen GreeneWinston Churchill High School, Potomac, MD 20854, USA.
Rose AtwoodDepartment of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Martin BoeseDaniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Kwang ChoiCenter for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2884-4996

Funding

TriService Nursing Research Program TSNRP
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) affects over 40 million people every year. One of its features includes the activation of microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain. Microglia assume different morphological states depending on their level of activation, such as surveilling ramified and activated hypertrophic, ameboid, and rod-like microglia. These states can be distinguished by multiple features, including the shape, span, and branching of microglia. Male Sprague-Dawley rats sustained mTBI using the Closed-Head Impact Model of Engineered Rotational Acceleration (CHIMERA) (3 times, 1.5 J per impact) or sham treatment. Four days after the injury, brains were collected and stained for microglia using the ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1) antibody. Cortical injury sites were identified in a subset of CHIMERA animals. Using the MicrogliaMorphology ImageJ plugin and the MicrogliaMorphologyR package, 27 morphological features were quantified from individual microglia, and k-means clustering was used to classify microglia as ramified, rod-like, ameboid, and hypertrophic states. The CHIMERA injury altered microglia morphology features, which contributed to increased hypertrophic (activated) and decreased ramified (inactive) microglia compared to the sham controls. Combined with the clinically relevant mTBI paradigm and semi-automated/unbiased approach, the current findings may contribute to microglia morphology classification.

Indexed as

Brain ConcussionBrain Injuries, TraumaticMicrogliaAnimalsBrainCalcium-Binding ProteinsDisease Models, AnimalMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyCalcium-Binding Proteinscortical injurymicroglia morphologymild traumatic brain injuryneuroinflammationsprague-dawley rats

Identifiers

PMID40943075
PMCPMC12428208

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.