ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Effect of Endodontic Irrigants on the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments: A Systematic Review.
Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of Different Irrigation Protocols on the Surface Morphology and Elemental Composition of Super One File Nickel-Titanium Instruments.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evaluation of bending test, cyclic fatigue, and buckling resistance test using rotary Nickel-Titanium files of three types: AnJournal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2026Article
- Association Between Cross-Sectional Geometry and Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments: A Systematic Review.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Comparison of rotary NiTi files with ultrasonic irrigation and manual K-files with syringe irrigation in primary molar pulpectomy: A retrospective cohort study.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Instrument fracture during endodontic treatment significantly compromises treatment outcomes, with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and other irrigants potentially affecting the cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files. This systematic review evaluated the impact of endodontic irrigants on NiTi instrument durability. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and WorldCat databases through June 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies investigating cyclic fatigue resistance of NiTi rotary instruments exposed to various irrigants were included. Twenty-seven in vitro studies met the inclusion criteria, involving instruments across multiple file systems and irrigant solutions. The review revealed that NaOCl, particularly at concentrations ≥5% and elevated temperatures, significantly reduced cyclic fatigue resistance in most studies, with scanning electron microscopy confirming surface corrosion and microcrack formation. Heat-treated NiTi alloys demonstrated superior fatigue resistance compared to conventional austenitic alloys. Short-term NaOCl exposure (1-5 min) showed minimal impact, while prolonged exposure combined with autoclave sterilization produced cumulative weakening effects. Alternative irrigants such as EDTA and chlorhexidine showed more neutral effects on instrument integrity. These findings suggest that irrigant selection and exposure protocols significantly influence NiTi instrument longevity, with implications for clinical endodontic practice and instrument safety protocols.
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Registered trials
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