Application of the Semi-Automatic Titration Method Using a Webcam for the Determination of Calcium in Milk and Dairy Products.

Alexander Shyichuk, Dorota Ziółkowska, Iryna Shyychuk, Maria Kowalska

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Determining Carrageenan Sulfate Groups Using Ion Association with Alcian Blue Dye.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Alexander ShyichukFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Dorota ZiółkowskaFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1196-9672

Iryna ShyychukFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Maria KowalskaFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Quantitative determination of calcium content in milk and dairy products is an important analytical task due to the great importance of this element in the human diet. Calcium determination in milk and dairy products was performed using semi-automatic complexometric titration with a webcam as a color change detector. The color changes were registered directly in turbid dairy dispersions, creating a white background. The analytical signals tested were the color component (R, G, B) read from the titration beaker images and the calculated Hue parameter. For the calcein indicator, the optimal signals are Green and Hue. For the HNB indicator, the optimal signals are Red and Hue. The developed method of titration using an RGB camera detector is characterized by excellent linearity (R

Indexed as

CalciumDairy ProductsMilkAnimalsAutomationHumansCalciumcalceincomplexometryEDTA titrationfood analysishydroxy naphthol blueRGB image

Identifiers

PMID40942078

DOI10.3390/molecules30173553

PMCPMC12430243

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LicenceCC BY

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.