ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Social Determinants of Health and 30-Day Readmission for Heart Failure Patients in U.S. Hospitals: Evidence from ICD-10 Z-Code Data.
Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Association Between Discharge Destination and Excess Length of Stay in Heart Failure-Related Admissions: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2026Observational
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3 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesThere has been growing interest in understanding the impact of social determinants of health (SDoHs) on health outcomes. Since 2015, healthcare providers have begun to document patients' SDoH systematically using ICD-10 Z-codes.
methodsWe extracted claims data from a nationally representative hospital chargemaster database for 586,929 eligible HF patients between January 2019 and December 2021. We investigated the association between SDoH Z-codes and 30-day hospital readmission for heart failure (HF) patients in U.S. hospitals using a Chi square test and adjusted odds ratios from logistic regression models.
resultsWe found that four major SDoH Z-code categories and five specific sub-Z-code factors within the major categories are significantly associated with 30-day readmission for HF patients. We also found that patients with two or more SDoH Z-codes have a higher risk of readmission than those with one.
conclusionsOur study indicates that ICD-10 Z-codes are useful in identifying SDoH risk factors for hospital readmission among HF patients. Policymakers and healthcare providers should consider Z-codes when assessing HF readmission risk and developing interventions to lower HF readmission rates.
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