ArticleCells2025
Neuroprotective Effects of Calpain Inhibition in Parkinson's Disease: Insights from Cellular and Murine Models.
Article in Cells, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Structure-Guided Optimization of PDE9A Inhibitors Tackling Neuroinflammation: A Combined Computational and In Vitro Study.ChemMedChem · 2026Article
- DYRK1A and Parkinson's disease, facts and hypotheses.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Review
- Calpain-2 Regulates Kinesin and Dynein Dysfunction in Neurotoxin-Induced Motoneuron Injury.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Autophagy-lysosomal pathway in neurodegeneration.Molecular neurodegeneration advances · 2026Review
- Spinal overexpression of CAPN1 in CaMKII neurons mediates paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain via NCS-1-TRPV4 signaling.Molecular painArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and key pathways such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and autophagy are believed to significantly contribute to the mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Calpain activation plays a critical role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, as demonstrated by its impact on microglial activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and neuronal survival. In this study, we investigated the effects of calpain inhibition using calpeptin (CP) and calpain-2-specific inhibitors in cellular and murine models of neuroinflammation and PD. In BV2 microglial cells, LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and chemokines (MCP-1, IP-10) were significantly reduced by CP treatment with a concomitant decrease in ROS generation. Similarly, in VSC-4.1 motoneuron cells, calpain inhibition attenuated IFN-γ-induced ROS production and improved cell viability, demonstrating its neuroprotective effects. Moreover, in a murine MPTP model of PD, calpain inhibition reduced astrogliosis, ROCK2 expression, and levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-7, and IL12p70) and chemokines (MCP-1 and IP-10) in the dorsal striatum and plasma. The specific role of calpain-2 in immune modulation was further highlighted in human microglia, SV-40 cells. With respect to immune modulation in these cells, siRNA-mediated knockdown of
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