ArticleBMJ paediatrics open2025
Shifting tides: increased severity despite fewer visits for infant respiratory infections across two consecutive post-pandemic winters in Northern Italy.
Article in BMJ paediatrics open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study compares infant (0-24 months) respiratory infection presentations to a Northern Italian paediatric emergency department across two post-pandemic winters (2022-2023 vs 2023-2024). Despite an approximate 44% reduction in visits in 2023-2024 (N=176 in 2023-2024 vs N=317 in 2022-2023), infants in the 2023-2024 season experienced significantly higher proportions of ventilatory support (51.1% vs 32.8%, p<0.001) and intensive care unit admission (15.9% vs 1.9%, p<0.001) than those presenting in 2022-2023, with a non-significant trend towards higher hospitalisation (88.1% vs 81.7%, p=0.052). Respiratory syncytial virus re-emerged as the dominant pathogen (43.2% vs 27.7%, p<0.001) in 2023-2024, alongside increased human metapneumovirus and influenza A H1N1. These findings highlight a concerning shift towards increased severity, underscoring the need for ongoing surveillance.
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