Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40940056›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Budget impact analysis of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment for hepatitis C in Iran: a modelling study.

Mojtaba Jafari, Parisa Mehdizadeh, Khosro Keshavarz, Ehsan Teymourzadeh, Mohammad Ali Abyazi, Parsa Gholamreza Shirazi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mojtaba JafariStudent Research Commite, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9456-471X
Parisa MehdizadehHealth Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of) p.mahdizade@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2483-4646
Khosro KeshavarzHealth Human Resources Research Center, School of Health Managementand Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5778-5502
Ehsan TeymourzadehHealth Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-9853
Mohammad Ali AbyaziBaqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Clinical sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3268
Parsa Gholamreza ShiraziDepartment of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-1783-119X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesGlecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB), despite being a highly costly medication, is considered a cost-effective approach compared with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) and sofosbuvir/daclatasvir (SOF/DCV) in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. No study has evaluated the effect of GLE/PIB's introduction into Iran's drug list from a health policy perspective and estimated the budgetary impact change. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse the fiscal effect of the introduction of GLE/PIB into Iran's drug list.

designBudget impact analysis. The assumptions and costs of including GLE/PIB in Iran's drug list for the treatment of patients with hepatitis C were derived from a conducted cost-effectiveness analysis.

settingNational level. In this study, the budgetary changes in Iran's pharmaceutical market and health system, from the Ministry of Health's perspective, have been estimated for a 5-year time horizon following the introduction of GLE/PIB in the country.

resultsBased on the results obtained from the budget impact model, currently, 4112 patients are receiving SOF/DCV and SOF/VEL therapeutic regimens, which is expected to decrease to 1093 in 2029 owing to the affordability of medications and a 50% estimated market share for GLE/PIB. According to the results, with the introduction of GLE/PIB into the market and assuming a market share of 10% in the first year, growing to 50% by the fifth year, the healthcare system costs will increase by approximately $0.61, $1.77, $3.86, $7.45 and $13.51 million over the next 5 years, respectively. Additionally, based on the drug's selling price, there will be a 468% increase in hepatitis C drug market costs after 5 years, resulting in an overall budget increase of approximately 0.13% for Iran's pharmaceutical market. According to the sensitivity analysis, a 20% reduction in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) costs could decrease the projected increase in health sector costs from $13.51 million (an 18.84% increase) to $10.52 million (an 18.16% increase). Conversely, a 20% rise in CHC costs would raise those costs to $16.49 million (a 19.31% increase).

conclusionConsidering the high price of the GLE/PIB compared with the available options in Iran, with the introduction of GLE/PIB into Iran's drug list, insurance coverage and appropriate allocation of necessary resources, a reduction in the cost burden because of hepatitis C treatment is expected for individuals and households. Additionally, with a well-regulated market share of existing medications, the optimal treatment choice for patients will be feasible.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsBenzimidazolesHepatitis CHepatitis C, ChronicQuinoxalinesSulfonamidesAminoisobutyric AcidsBudgetsCarbamatesCost-Benefit AnalysisCyclopropanesDrug CombinationsDrug CostsHumansIranLactams, MacrocyclicAminoisobutyric AcidsAntiviral AgentsBenzimidazolesCarbamatesCyclopropanesDrug Combinationsglecaprevirglecaprevir and pibrentasvirLactams, MacrocyclicLeucinepibrentasvirProlinePyrrolidinesQuinoxalinesSofosbuvirSulfonamidesHealth Care CostsHEALTH ECONOMICSHealth policyHealth Services Accessibility

Identifiers

PMID40940056
PMCPMC12519400

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.