Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40939057›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2025

Malnutrition Mortality Among Older Adults by County and Race and/or Ethnicity in the United States, 2000-2019.

Juliana Teruel Camargo, Jessica Otero Machuca, Amanda S Hinerman, Erik J Rodriquez, Christian S Alvarez, George A Mensah, Stephanie M George, Frank Bandiera, Zhuochen Li, Dillon O Sylte and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Juliana Teruel CamargoEpidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0288-7744
Jessica Otero MachucaEpidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Amanda S HinermanEpidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Erik J RodriquezEpidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Christian S AlvarezDivision of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
George A MensahCenter for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Stephanie M GeorgeOffice of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Frank BandieraDivision of Behavioral and Social Research, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Zhuochen LiInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Dillon O SylteInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Yekaterina O KellyInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Theresa A McHughInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Mathew M BaumannInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Michael CeloneInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Demewoz HaileInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Wichada La Motte-KerrInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Christopher J L MurrayInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Laura Dwyer-LindgrenInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Ali H MokdadInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Eliseo J Pérez-StableEpidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Funding

Division of Intramural Research Program from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of HealthDivision of Intramural Research Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthNCI NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHSNIAMS NIH HHSNIA NIH HHSNICHD NIH HHS 75N94019C00016NICHD NIH HHS 75N94023C00004Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences ResearchOffice of Disease Prevention
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOlder adults are at an increased risk of malnutrition due to chronic diseases and social vulnerabilities. This study estimates protein-energy malnutrition mortality rates among adults aged 65-74 and ≥ 75 by race and ethnic population group and county.

methodsWe analyzed death data from the National Vital Statistics System and population data from the National Center for Health Statistics from 2000 to 2019. We calculated county-level mortality rates using small-area estimation methods, adjusting for misclassifications in death certificates. The primary outcome was deaths attributed to malnutrition. The exposures were to populations (American Indian/Alaskan Native [AIAN], Asian, Black, Hispanic/Latino, and White) and the county.

resultsFrom 2000 to 2019, malnutrition mortality rates increased in individuals aged ≥ 75 from 19.5 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 18.8-20.1) to 49.2 (48.4-50.0) deaths per 100,000, and in those aged 65-74 from 2.2 (2.0-2.3) to 4.6 (4.4-4.7). In 2019, Black individuals had the highest national mortality rates: 60.8 (58.2-63.3) for ≥ 75 years and 7.7 (7.3-8.2) for 65-74 years. In 2019, a county in Georgia had the highest rate for White individuals aged ≥ 75 at 334.9 (236.6-464.8), and a county in Montana had the highest for AIAN individuals aged 65-74 at 34.9 (13.1-72.0). Counties in the New York metro had the lowest mortality rates across all population groups and ages.

conclusionMalnutrition mortality rates have increased among older adults, varying by geography and population group, underscoring the need for targeted nutritional interventions.

Indexed as

EthnicityMalnutritionProtein-Energy MalnutritionRacial GroupsAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMortalityUnited Statesmalnutritionmedical geographymortalityolder adultspopulation groups

Identifiers

PMID40939057
PMCPMC12460942

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.