ArticleJournal of bacteriology2025
A new family of small ArdA proteins reveals antirestriction activity.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Psychrophilic Quorum Sensing Genes Enable Unimodal, Adjustable Protein Expression Across the EntireBiotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2026Article
- DNA-Mimic Antirestriction Proteins ArdA Could Regulate Gene Expression inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antirestriction proteins protect mobile genetic elements from the host's restriction-modification (RM) systems. In our study, we identified a new family of small proteins, which we named sArdA. The sArdA proteins are homologous to DNA-mimicking ArdA proteins but differ in size, being approximately one-third the length of full ArdAs. Moreover, the sArdA family contains two subgroups, one of which is structurally similar to the N-terminal end of ArdA, whereas the other one matches the C-terminal end. Both the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of ArdA appear capable of independent expression. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that genes encoding these proteins evolved into evolutionarily stable subfamilies, named sArdN and sArdC, respectively. AlphaFold structure prediction of sArdA interaction with RM systems revealed four states of EcoKI, which differ in the angle between its two M-subunits while interacting with different ArdAs or DNA. Interestingly, both sArdN and sArdC triggered the same intermediate closed state of EcoKI, indicating possible new interaction pathways of Ards with RM systems. For phenotypic studies in
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