Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40937872›Full record

ArticleClinical and translational allergy2025

Persistent Off-Season Dysregulation of Memory B Cell Subsets in Allergic Rhinitis.

Maryam Jafari, Eric Hjalmarsson, Laila Hellkvist, Eirini Paziou, Agnetha Karlsson, Susanna Kumlien Georén, Lars-Olaf Cardell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and translational allergy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Pharmaceutics · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Maryam JafariDivision of ENT Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eric HjalmarssonDivision of ENT Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laila HellkvistDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eirini PaziouDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Agnetha KarlssonDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Susanna Kumlien GeorénDivision of ENT Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Lars-Olaf CardellDivision of ENT Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0538-9580

Funding

ALF fudingKI Funds at Karolinska Institutet
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a common allergic airway disease. Although B cells play essential roles in AR pathogenesis, their subset distribution outside the allergen exposure period remains poorly characterized.

objectiveTo profile peripheral blood B cell subsets in AR patients during the pollen-free season and compare them with healthy controls (HC), aiming to identify persistent immunological alterations and potential biomarkers.

methodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from a total of 28 participants, 14 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 14 healthy controls (HC) during the off-season. B cell subsets were identified using flow cytometry based on IgD and CD27 expression, classifying cells as naïve (IgD

resultsAR patients displayed lower frequencies of IgG1

conclusionEven outside allergen exposure, AR patients exhibit systemic B cell dysregulation, characterized by skewed class switching, altered subset distribution, and reduced activation markers expression. These findings underscore persistent immune imbalance in AR, identify potential off-season biomarkers of allergic inflammation.

Indexed as

allergic rhinitisbiomarkersimmune dysregulationmemory B cellsminimal persistent inflammation

Identifiers

PMID40937872
PMCPMC12426901

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.