ArticleJournal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA2025
Association between vitamin D and COVID-19 infection and mortality in Taiwanese patients.
Article in Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role of vitamin D for COVID-19.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026Article
- Currently, no appropriately designed studies have demonstrated a link between vitamin-D levels and COVID-19 severity.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026Article
- Reply to "Currently, no appropriately designed studies have demonstrated a link between vitamin D levels and coronavirus disease 2019 severity".Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVitamin D plays a role in immune regulation and may influence coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. This study examined the association between serum vitamin D levels and COVID-19 infection and mortality in symptomatic patients in Taiwan.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study included symptomatic patients who underwent COVID-19 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay between 2020 and 2023. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were categorized as deficient (<20 ng/mL), insufficient (20-30 ng/mL), or sufficient (≥30 ng/mL). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the impact of vitamin D levels on COVID-19 infection and mortality, adjusting for potential confounders including age, sex, and comorbidities.
resultsAmong the 481 participants (mean age: 58.2 years; 66.7% female), 96 (19.96%) tested positive for COVID-19. Vitamin D level was not associated with COVID-19 infection (odds ratio [OR] = 1.00, 95% CI, 0.99-1.02; p = 0.687); however, vitamin D deficiency significantly increased the risk of COVID-19-related mortality (OR = 10.68; 95% CI, 1.18-96.45; p = 0.035). The mortality rate in patients aged 65 to 74 years was higher compared to those aged 19 to 44 years (OR = 12.91; 95% CI, 1.29-128.83; p = 0.029).
conclusionVitamin D levels were not associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. However, vitamin D deficiency, particularly in older patients, was associated with an increased risk of mortality among those diagnosed with COVID-19. These findings support the role of vitamin D in reducing COVID-19 mortality and emphasize the importance of maintaining sufficient levels in high-risk populations.
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