ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2025
Ethnic Disparities in Perinatal Mortality and Associated Factors: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo examine factors associated with perinatal mortality (PM) in women in minority ethnic groups (MEG) in Ireland and assess differences between them and their white counterparts.
designRetrospective population-based cohort study.
settingNineteen maternity units in the Republic of Ireland, 2011-2021. POPULATION: 4314 perinatal mortalities (3711 in white women; 603 in women in MEG) were reported to the National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre (NPEC).
methodsChi-square testing was used to assess differences between groups.
main outcome measuresPM outcomes and socio-demographic, obstetric, and medical characteristics for mothers and infants were collected.
resultsWomen in MEG who experienced PM were younger (p < 0.001) and 46% were employed (vs. 75% of white women, p < 0.001). More women in MEG had previous pregnancies (77% vs. 68%, p < 0.001), and more than double had ≥ 3 previous completed pregnancies versus white women (26% vs. 12%, p < 0.001). Women in MEG also had more previous pregnancy medical issues (49% vs. 38%, p = 0.001). Twice as many women in MEG had booking appointments after 20 weeks' gestation or never received prenatal care (p < 0.001). Women in MEG experienced more placental conditions and obstetric factors as causes of PM, but fewer congenital anomalies than white women (p = 0.047).
conclusionsThe overrepresentation of women in MEG in PM data may be explained by factors such as employment status, parity, body mass index (BMI), and prenatal care access. Actionable measures are needed to address these issues, which could include initiatives to increase maternal health literacy, optimise maternal health preconception, and ensure prenatal care is accessible and culturally competent.
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