ArticleJournal of public health in Africa2025
Evaluation of diphtheria surveillance system in Kaduna State, Nigeria, July 2023 - December 2023.
Article in Journal of public health in Africa, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The re-emergence of the diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria raises concern about the surveillance system's capability to detect, prepare for and respond to outbreaks. Aim: To evaluate the usefulness and attributes of the diphtheria surveillance system in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Setting: Kaduna State, northwest Nigeria. Methods: An observational study, using a mixed-method approach, was adopted. It comprised a survey, a record review of the 2023 outbreak and key informant interviews. A pre-tested semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and an interview guide, adapted from the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2001) guidelines on surveillance evaluation, were utilised. Three stakeholders were interviewed, 21 surveillance officers were surveyed, and eight surveillance attributes were assessed. Results: The outbreak data had 67% ( Conclusion: The system was acceptable to stakeholders, useful in detecting outbreaks, simple in data collection, flexible in accommodating changes and sensitive in identifying cases. However, resource constraints pose a threat to its stability. We recommend providing adequate resources, improving data quality and reporting from private health facilities. Contribution: The study underscores areas for improvement in the diphtheria surveillance system, highlighting the potential for targeted interventions to overhaul the system.
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