Mapping leadership and communities in EU-funded research through network analysis.

Background: Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe are flagship programs of the European Union aimed at supporting research and innovation, fostering collaboration among companies, academic institutions, and research organizations. Comprehensive data on projects, objectives, participants, funding details, and results of Horizon projects is available through the open access portal CORDIS (Community Research and Development Information Service). This paper introduces a novel methodology for utilizing CORDIS data to reveal collaborations, leadership roles, and their evolution over time. Methods: The methodology is based on network analysis. Data is downloaded from the CORDIS portal, enriched, segmented by year and transformed into weighted networks representing collaborations between organizations. Centrality measures are used to assess the influence of individual organizations, while community detection algorithms are used to identify stable collaborations. Temporal analysis tracks the evolution of these roles and communities over time. To ensure robust and reliable results, the methodology addresses challenges such as input-ordering bias and result variability, while the exploration of the solution space enhances the accuracy of identified collaboration patterns. Results: To illustrate the approach, the methodology is applied to a specific case: analyse the evolution of collaborations in hydrogen valleys, in the broader frame of "hydrogen energy" research and innovation projects funded by Horizon programmes. Conclusions: The proposed methodology effectively identifies influential organizations and tracks the stability of research collaborations. The insights gained are valuable for policy-makers and organizations seeking to foster innovation through sustained partnerships. This approach can be extended to other sectors, offering a framework for understanding the impact of EU research funding on collaboration and leadership dynamics.