Efficacy and safety of postoperative adjuvant HAIC combining lenvatinib with or without PD-1 inhibitors in solitary large HCC: A multicenter retrospective study.

Yuxin Liang, Ming Wang, Deyuan Zhong, Hongtao Yan, Yuhao Su, Xing Chen, Xiaolun Huang, Zhengwei Leng

Abstract readMulticenter Study

In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yuxin Liang *Department of Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Ming Wang *Department of Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Deyuan ZhongDepartment of Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Hongtao YanDepartment of Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Yuhao SuDepartment of Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Xing ChenState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, Macao SAR, China.

Xiaolun HuangDepartment of Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Zhengwei LengDepartment of Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of postoperative adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (PA-HAIC) combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors versus PA-HAIC with lenvatinib alone in patients with solitary large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, >5 cm). Methods: A total of 183 patients who underwent curative resection and subsequent PA-HAIC plus lenvatinib (HAIC-L, n = 108) or PA-HAIC combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors (HAIC-L-P, n = 75) were enrolled from three centers between April 2021 and April 2023. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance baseline characteristics. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models, while treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were compared between groups. Results: The HAIC-L-P group demonstrated significantly improved DFS compared to the HAIC-L group both before (HR: 0.570; P = 0.007) and after PSM (HR: 0.518; P = 0.018). In contrast, no statistically significant difference was observed in OS between the two groups. Multivariate analysis identified elevated AFP (≥400 ng/mL), microvascular invasion, and treatment strategy (HAIC-L Conclusion: PA-HAIC combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors significantly enhances DFS in patients with solitary large HCC, offering a promising adjuvant approach with acceptable safety. Further prospective, biomarker-driven trials are warranted to validate these findings and optimize patient selection.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCarcinoma, HepatocellularImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLiver NeoplasmsPhenylurea CompoundsQuinolinesAdultAgedChemotherapy, AdjuvantFemaleHepatic ArteryHumansMaleMiddle AgedProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorRetrospective StudiesImmune Checkpoint InhibitorslenvatinibPhenylurea CompoundsProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorQuinolinescombined therapyhepatic arterial infusion chemotherapyPD-1 inhibitorspostoperative adjuvant therapysolitary large hepatocellular carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID40936916

DOI10.3389/fimmu.2025.1609352

PMCPMC12420610

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.