SynthesisPeerJ2025
Association between levels of trimethylamine N-oxide and cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PeerJ, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- The microbiota-proteostasis axis: implications in neurodegenerative diseases.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026Review
- Oxidative Stress and Its Mitigation in Neurodegenerative Disorders.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Modulating the Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Potential of Nutritional and Metabolic Factors.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Is Ergothioneine an Important Source of Plasma TrimethylamineAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Translating microbial dysbiosis into brain health interventions: a focus on the oral-gut-reproductive inflammatory pathways.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- The Gut-Brain-Cardiac Axis: How Microbiota Influence Cognitive and Cardiovascular Health.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Gut-Derived Metabolites and Cognitive Health: Roles of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Trimethylamine N-oxide.Cureus · 2026Review
- Integrating TMAO into the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes: a mini review.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Review
- Heart Failure and Cognitive Impairment Through the Lens of the Gut Microbiome: A Narrative Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that the differential expression of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is closely related to the prognosis of cognitive dysfunction, but the conclusion is still controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the difference of TMAO levels between patients with and without cognitive dysfunction. Methods: From the beginning to January 25, 2024, we search for correlational studies on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. We sought to evaluate the association between TMAO, a major gut microbial metabolite, and cognitive function. Results: To investigate the differences in TMAO values between patients with and without cognitive dysfunction. The database search identified 229 studies. After applying exclusion criteria, seven studies involving 1,675 people (352 patients with cognitive dysfunction and 1,323 controls) were finally included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, patients with cognitive dysfunction had significantly higher TMAO (standard mean differences (SMD): 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.53-1.89], Conclusion: Patients with cognitive dysfunction have elevated TMAO levels, and TMAO levels are correlated with cognitive dysfunction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.