ArticleThe South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa2025
Adverse childhood experiences, personality traits and internalising disorder among adolescents in Nigeria.
Article in The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Abstract
Background: Internalising disorder, which is characterised by anxiety and depression, is a mental health disorder observed among in-school adolescents in Nigeria, with consequent school dropout, substance use and suicide. Aim: This study examined the effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and personality traits on internalising disorder among in-school adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria. Setting: The study was conducted among in-school adolescents attending secondary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional design and multistage sampling techniques were used to select 357 participants (138 males = 38.7%; 219 females = 61.3%) from five high schools in Lagos State, who responded to the ACEs Questionnaire, Personality Inventory and Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: The prevalence of ACEs is 23.8% mild, 33.1% moderate, 13.4% severe experiences being higher on internalising disorder, and 29.7% with no experience. Sixteen per cent of children were clinically significant on internalising behaviour, with 19.3% significant on anxiety and 9% on depression. Adverse childhood experiences significantly predicted internalising disorder; likewise, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience consistently and significantly predicted internalising disorder. Adverse childhood experiences and personality traits contributed a significant variance of 16% in anxiety, 26% in depression and a combined 20% to the total variance in internalising disorder. Conclusion: The study encourages practical, tailored interventions that address ACEs and foster positive personality traits to mitigate against internalising disorder. Contribution: The study underscores the importance of personality traits in the outcomes of children and adolescents exposed to ACEs in Nigeria.
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