Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40936325›Full record

Trial reportCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2025

Clinical Effect on Cortical Reactivity of Theta Burst Versus High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: A TMS-EEG Study.

Jiajing Wu, Sheng Zhuang, Yinlian Han, Fan Gao, Chengjie Mao, Jing Chen, Chun-Feng Liu

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jiajing WuDepartment of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2568-8561
Sheng ZhuangDepartment of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3172-1578
Yinlian HanDepartment of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Fan GaoDepartment of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Chengjie MaoDepartment of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8564-0255
Jing ChenDepartment of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6914-6233
Chun-Feng LiuDepartment of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8364-0219

Funding

Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline ZDXK202217National Natural Science Foundation of China 82471269Science and Technology Innovation Program of Xiongan New Area 2023XAGG0073Scientific Research Pre-Research Fund of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University SDFEYLC2340Suzhou Key Laboratory SZS2023015Suzhou 'Strengthening Health through Science and Education' Project QNXM2024020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBoth high-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) are believed to enhance cortical excitability. However, clinical comparison of their benefits for motor improvement in Parkinson's disease (PD) as well as their underlying neurophysiological changes remain unelucidated.

objectiveTo compare the clinical effect of rTMS versus iTBS on motor improvement and explore their influence on cortical reactivity using resting state electroencephalogram (EEG) and TMS-EEG.

methodsIdiopathic PD patients were randomized in a single-blind, controlled trial, and received 10 sessions of either 10-Hz rTMS or iTBS applied to the bilateral primary motor cortex (M1). Motor symptoms were evaluated using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Cortical reactivity was assessed by resting state EEG and TMS-evoked potentials.

resultsIncluded were 52 PD patients (mean [SD] age 66.2 [5.8] years). Compared to 10 Hz rTMS, iTBS was more efficient in alleviating tremor symptoms. In the iTBS group, the global mean field amplitude of P60 was significantly higher after stimulation over contralateral M1 of the affected side and was inversely correlated with motor improvement. In the 10 Hz rTMS group, the global mean field amplitude of P30 evoked by ipsilateral M1 increased significantly. The combination of oscillation and connectivity of δ frequency in the frontal cortex of PD provided a decent model in predicting iTBS responders at baseline.

conclusionCompared with high-frequency rTMS, iTBS applied to M1 was more effective in improving tremor symptoms in PD. The two non-invasive stimulation modalities appear to exert their effects through distinct neurophysiological pathways, as measured by EEG and TMS-EEG.

Indexed as

ElectroencephalographyMotor CortexParkinson DiseaseTheta RhythmTranscranial Magnetic StimulationAgedEvoked Potentials, MotorFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSingle-Blind MethodTreatment OutcomeEEGiTBSPDrTMSTMS‐EEG

Identifiers

PMID40936325
PMCPMC12426414

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.