Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40935389›Full record

ArticleBrain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)2026

A unified 3D reconstruction of microscopy and MRI in a brain showing Alzheimer's disease-related neuropathology.

Anneke Alkemade, Pierre-Louis Bazin, Evgeniya Kirilina, Kerrin Pine, Andreas Herrler, Ronald L A W Bleijs, J Max Kros, Lysanne Groenewegen, Sanne M M Vermorgen, Laura E Jonkman and 4 more

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Anneke AlkemadeIntegrative Model-Based Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3234-353X
Pierre-Louis BazinFull Brain Picture Analytics, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Evgeniya KirilinaDepartment of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
Kerrin PineDepartment of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-2970
Andreas HerrlerDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Ronald L A W BleijsDepartment of Anatomy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Max KrosDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Lysanne GroenewegenIntegrative Model-Based Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Sanne M M VermorgenDepartment of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Laura E JonkmanDepartment of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, and Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Dick F SwaabDepartment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Rawien BalesarDepartment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nikolaus WeiskopfDepartment of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
Birte U ForstmannIntegrative Model-Based Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Funding

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung 01EW1711A & BDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 347592254European Research Council 616905European Research Council 864750STW/NWO, NWO VICIZonMw 73305113
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To bridge between detailed post-mortem neuropathological assessments and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), we have created and share a three-dimensional (3D) account of an entire human brain with an intermediate Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change. We combined multimodal imaging, using cryosectioning, histology, immunocytochemistry, and quantitative ultra-high field 7 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at submillimeter resolution. Amyloid-β and phosphorylated-tau immunoreactivity, cell soma, and nerve fibers were visualized, together with quantitative MR parameters. All data were coaligned with at 200 μm resolution and are openly shared. The use of whole-brain sections allows for a detailed assessment of neuropathological alterations, revealing clear differences between the left and right hemispheres in terms of pathological load of amyloid-β and phosphorylated-tau in a single brain showing Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change. This resource opens the door for a combination of detailed correlations between neuroimaging and neuropathological microscopy observations, as well as for detailed MRI validation.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBrainImaging, Three-DimensionalMagnetic Resonance ImagingAgedAged, 80 and overAmyloid beta-PeptidesFemaleHumansMaleMicroscopytau ProteinsAmyloid beta-Peptidestau Proteins3D reconstructionsAlzheimer's diseasepost mortemultra‐high field MRIwhole brain histology

Identifiers

PMID40935389
PMCPMC12861572

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.