ArticleInternational journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature2025
Sex differences in cardiac sarcoidosis.
Article in International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Highlights recently published in the International Journal of Cardiology Heart & Vasculature on sex differences in susceptibility, manifestation and outcome of cardiovascular diseases.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2026Article
- Acute and Chronic Myocarditis in Men and Women.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Uncovering Sex and Gender Differences in Sarcoidosis: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is an inflammatory cardiomyopathy for which sex differences outcomes are not well described. Objectives: This study aimed to understand differences in CS presentation, complications, and outcomes between females and males. Methods: Patients meeting Japanese Circulation Society or Heart Rhythm Society criteria for CS were evaluated at a single institution from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2023 (n = 455). Presenting characteristics including demographics, symptoms, conduction abnormalities, arrhythmias and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between females and males were compared. Sex-based differences in hospitalizations, LVAD implantation, transplantation and death were analyzed. Results: The cohort was mostly male (60.7 %). Females presented at an older age (58.5, IQR 51-65 in females, vs 54, IQR 45-61 in males, Conclusions: Females presented at an older age and were more symptomatic with higher NYHA class symptoms than males, suggesting that females are presenting or being diagnosed with CS later than males. LVEF, rates of heart block, and ventricular arrhythmias were similar between sexes, suggesting greater heart failure severity in females with CS may be related to greater left ventricular stiffening or worse valvular disease. Differences in survival outcomes were not significant.
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