ArticleGlobal challenges (Hoboken, NJ)2025
Techno-Economic and Lifecycle Analysis of Green Colloidal Silver: Moving toward Scale-Up.
Article in Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biocatalytic and biogenic pathways for sustainable nanoparticle synthesis: mechanisms, monitoring, and circular bioeconomy integration.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2026Review
- Biologically Mediated Nanoparticle Synthesis as a Potential Green Strategy: Principles, Methods, and Pharmaceutical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Techno-Economic and Lifecycle Analysis of Green Colloidal Silver: Moving toward Scale-Up.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Silver particles (AgPs) are increasingly used across a range of industries, including personal care, household, and food packaging, but conventional synthesis methods involve high production costs and negative environmental impacts. Green synthesis using plant extracts offers a sustainable alternative, though limited comparative data on economic and environmental performance exist. This study evaluates three green methods-BX3 (a patented extract), lemon juice (LJ), and green tea (GT)-against a conventional method using sodium borohydride (NaBH₄). Equal-volume reactions are analyzed via ICP-MS, UV-vis spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA) assessed costs and environmental impact. BX3 emerged as the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly option, producing AgPs at $13,000/kg with a 75% yield and a global warming potential of 1,900 kg CO₂-Eq/kg. In contrast, NaBH₄ yielded 7.35% at $195,000/kg, 15x more expensive than the BX3 method, and a global warming potential of 74,000 kg CO₂-Eq/kg. GT, while a green method, has the highest cost $690,000/kg, the lowest yield (1.13%), and the worst environmental impact, including a human toxicity value of 92,000 kg 1,4-DCB-Eq/kg-even surpassing the toxic NaBH₄ process. These findings highlight BX3's promise for scalable, low-impact AgP production and broader industrial use.
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Registered trials
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