Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40933226›Full record

ArticleLe infezioni in medicina2025

Late-Onset Combined Immunodeficiency presenting with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome.

Luca Mezzadri, Maria Lucia Borghesi, Patrizia Comoli, Maria Rosa Pozzi, Giuseppe Lapadula, Marianna Rossi, Paolo Bonfanti

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Le infezioni in medicina, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Luca MezzadriInfectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
Maria Lucia BorghesiInfectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
Patrizia ComoliCell Factory and Center for Advanced Therapies and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Maria Rosa PozziRheumatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
Giuseppe LapadulaInfectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
Marianna RossiInfectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
Paolo BonfantiInfectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) can rarely occur in individuals with occult immunosuppression. Here, we describe the case of an adult man who presented with PML, in whom CD4+ lymphocytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia were subsequently identified, leading to a diagnosis of late-onset combined immunodeficiency. Intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy was initiated. His clinical course, though complicated by immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, was favorable.

Indexed as

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS)Late-onset combined immunodeficiency (LOCID)occult immunosuppressionopportunistic CNS infectionsprogressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Identifiers

PMID40933226
PMCPMC12419170

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.