ReviewEClinicalMedicine2025
Use of surrogate endpoints in health technology assessment and reimbursement of treatments for the management of chronic kidney disease.
Review in EClinicalMedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- [Surrogate markers in chronic kidney disease : Estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria in clinical practice and in studies].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- First-in-human to proof-of-concept: why experimental medicine studies remain essential in human physiology and drug development.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2026Review
- Heterogeneity of Estimated GFR Slopes According to Etiology, Estimated GFR and Urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio in a Large Cohort of Patients With CKD.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- A Strategic Roadmap to Support Communication on and Acceptance of Surrogate Endpoints: The REnal Surrogacy accEpTance in Chronic Kidney Disease (RESET CKD) Collaboration.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Slope, Chronic Kidney Disease Progression, and Pillars of Care in Patients With Diabetic Kidney Disease.Diabetes, obesity, and cardiometabolic CAREArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The judicious use of surrogate endpoints as substitutes for patient relevant target outcomes can substantially reduce the size and duration of clinical trials, thereby driving down research and development costs and driving faster patient access to innovative therapies. Whilst increasingly used by regulators over the last two decades, health technology assessment (HTA) agencies and payers have been more sceptical in acceptance of surrogates in their reimbursement decisions. Central to acceptance is scientific validation and demonstration of the association in the treatment effect on the surrogate endpoint and target outcome. This review summarises the validity and utility of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) slope as a 'first in class' surrogate with robust evidence of a strong treatment effect association (i.e., R Funding: None declared.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.