ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2025
IMI-2025 Digest.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hyperopic reserve, early myopia risk and screening strategies in children: A multi-regional analysis from the CREAM-KIDS consortium.iScience · 2026Article
- Progression with myopia control spectacles: identifying predictors of response to defocus incorporated multiple segment and highly aspherical lenslets spectacles in the French myopia cohort.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Low-Dose Atropine Eye Drops (0.01%) for the Treatment of Myopia in Children: A United Kingdom Perspective.PharmacoEconomics · 2026Article
- Distribution and Time Trends of Refractive Errors in Japanese Spectacle Wearers.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Beyond Screen Time: A Measurement Framework for Behavioral Exposures in Childhood Myopia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Habitual Spectacle-Corrected Distance Visual Acuity and Axial Elongation in School-Based Myopia Screening: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nasotemporal Asymmetry in Ocular Biometry as a Biomarker for Myopia Progression in Chinese Children.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Neuro-ophthalmic review on pediatric myopia: Advancing from refraction to a brain-centric model of axial growth.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Therapy Slows Down Axial Elongation in Progressive High Myopia with Enhanced Choroidal Perfusion.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Revolutionizing Pediatric Myopia Care: A Machine Learning Approach for Rapid and Accurate Pre-Clinical Screening.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of Astigmatism in Japan: Analysis of More Than 9,000,000 Spectacle Prescriptions.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Hyperopic reserve insufficiency and myopic pre-disposition in pre-school children aged 3-6 years: a large-scale cross-sectional survey.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Predicting hyperopic reserve in children based on school-based vision programs with ensemble learning.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Childhood myopia in the modern environment: modifiable risk factors and evidence-based prevention.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Refractive Error and Visual Function in Children Under Non-cycloplegic Screening Conditions.Journal of primary care & community healthObservational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As myopia research expands in scope and complexity, the International Myopia Institute (IMI) continues to provide timely, evidence-based consensus guidance through its biennial white papers and digests. The IMI 2025 Digest delivers targeted updates in areas identified for revision since the previous digest: definitions and classification of myopia, clinical management guidelines, risk factors, accommodation and binocular vision, experimental models, and onset and progression in young adults. A major focus is the evolving concept of pre-myopia, including a refined understanding of hyperopic reserve as a predictive marker, population-specific thresholds, and the distinction between risk and predictive factors. Emerging evidence supports earlier identification and targeted interventions during the pre-myopic phase to delay onset. Clinical management updates highlight that delaying onset by even 1 year may have greater lifetime benefit than multiple years of progression control. Other updates address the limited causal inference of many current risk factor studies, new molecular insights from experimental models, and evidence that a subset of young adults, particularly with high myopia, continue to progress at meaningful rates. Collectively, the IMI 2025 Digest underscores the importance of proactive, individualized myopia care, equipping clinicians with current, evidence-based guidance while supporting continued research and innovation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.