Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40931332›Full record

ArticleBMC biotechnology2025

Developing a Chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel for gastro-retentive release of ranitidine and enhanced anti-ulcerative properties.

Shimaa A Sadek, Sohair R Fahmy, Sara Bayoumi Ali, Marwa Ahmed Abdelfattah, Ahmed Mostafa Fahmy, Kirolos R Mansour, Haneen Abdullah, Yousef Mohamed, Nada Hazem, Arsany Ehab Fayez and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Shimaa A SadekZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Sohair R FahmyZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Sara Bayoumi AliZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt. sbayoumy@cu.edu.eg.
Marwa Ahmed AbdelfattahZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Ahmed Mostafa FahmyZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Kirolos R MansourBiotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Haneen AbdullahBiotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Yousef MohamedBiotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Nada HazemBiotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Arsany Ehab FayezBiotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Christine Fouad NasrBiotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Gana Khaled DesoukyBiotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Abdelrahman W HassanBiotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Khadiga M GaafarZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ranitidine is widely used to treat gastrointestinal conditions, but recent studies have revealed severe potential side effects, including a link to cancer. Therefore, this study aims to develop a new gastro-retentive formulation of ranitidine by utilizing the biocompatibility and biodegradability of Chitosan, along with the strength and hydrophilicity of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). A chitosan/PVA/ranitidine hydrogel was created using the freeze-thaw method and evaluated for stability, ranitidine release behavior, and efficacy in treating ulcers in rats compared to a commercial formulation. The hydrogel demonstrates an average particle size of 69 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.344, and a zeta potential of + 38 mV. Transmission Electron Microscopy confirmed the spherical shape of the formulation, while X-ray diffraction verified its crystalline structure. Additionally, the study observed an impressive encapsulation efficiency of 98.66% ± 1.01 and a high drug content of 49.82% ± 1.29, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared analysis. The prepared hydrogel controls the release of ranitidine over 12 h, with an average release of 87.98% ± 4.01%. The hydrogel exhibits minimal degradation over 15 days, greater thermal stability than ranitidine, and adequate stability in acidic gastric conditions. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that the hydrogel is biocompatible and promotes cell growth. The study discovered that the hydrogel formulation enhances the effects of ranitidine, particularly its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In vivo studies illustrated the hydrogel’s promising ulcer-healing properties, suggesting potential use in treating peptic ulcers. Hence, the chitosan/PVA hydrogel can be used as a possible drug delivery system for the sustained release of ranitidine.

Indexed as

Anti-Ulcer AgentsChitosanHydrogelsPolyvinyl AlcoholRanitidineStomach UlcerAnimalsDrug CarriersMaleParticle SizeRatsAnti-Ulcer AgentsChitosanDrug CarriersHydrogelsPolyvinyl Alcoholpolyvinyl alcohol hydrogelRanitidineChitosanGastric ulcerGastro-retentive drug deliveryHydrogelRanitidine

Identifiers

PMID40931332
PMCPMC12421754

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.