ArticlePLOS global public health2025
Potential impact, costs, and benefits of population-wide screening interventions for tuberculosis in Viet Nam: A mathematical modelling study.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluation of the tuberculosis notification impact from an intermediary-facilitated public-private mix intervention in Viet Nam: A population-level quasi-experimental study.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Risk of progression to pulmonary tuberculosis among household contacts with chest radiographic abnormalities in South Africa.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of community tuberculosis screening in South Africa.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- The role of medical imaging in translational research into early pulmonary tuberculosis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026Review
- Transmission of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam: a prospective genomic epidemiology study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Modeling the Impact of Case Finding for Tuberculosis: The Role of Infection Dynamics.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Pursuing policymakers, payors and public - expanding the beginning and end of the tuberculosis care cascade to reflect whole-of-society ambitions.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Do no harm - re-evaluating the risks of overtreatment in community-wide tuberculosis screening.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The potential impact, cost and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis interventions - a modelling exercise.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Population-wide screening may accelerate the decline of tuberculosis (TB) incidence, but the optimal screening algorithm and duration must weigh resource considerations. We calibrated a deterministic transmission model to TB epidemiology in Viet Nam. We simulated three population-wide screening algorithms from 2025: sputum nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra) only; chest radiography (CXR) followed by NAAT; and CXR-only without microbiological confirmation. We determined the annual screening rounds required to reduce pulmonary TB prevalence below 50 per 100,000 people. Cost-effectiveness was assessed using incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), representing the additional costs (in US$) per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted compared to business-as-usual by 2050. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of NAAT cartridges costing US$1 each. NAAT-based algorithms required at least six rounds to reach the prevalence threshold, while CXR-only required three. NAAT-only achieved a prevalence reduction consistent with the ACT3 trial after three rounds. The CXR+NAAT algorithm averted 4.29m DALYs (95%UI:2.86-6.14) at US$225 (95%UI:85-520) per DALY averted compared with business-as-usual. The front-loaded investment of US$161m (95%UI:111-224) annually during the intervention resulted in average annual cost savings of US$12.7m (95%UI:6.7-21.4) up to 2050 compared to the business-as-usual counterfactual. Reducing the cost of NAAT to US$1 led to a 50% and 15% reduction in budget impact and a 63% and 26% reduction in the estimated ICER for the NAAT-only and CXR+NAAT algorithms, respectively. In Viet Nam, population-wide screening could achieve ambitious policy goals. Substantial front-loaded investment is immediately followed by persistent cost savings and could be further offset by more affordable NAATs.
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Registered trials
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