ArticlePloS one2025
Charity coverage and decreased COVID-19 mortality among uninsured patients in Texas: A retrospective cohort study.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDecreased access to care and social drivers of health have been implicated in COVID-19 disparities. The objective of this study was to test the association between county-funded charity coverage (CFCC) and mortality among uninsured patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in a highly uninsured county.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study compared electronic health record (EHR) data among uninsured patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in a high-volume safety-net health system in Dallas County, Texas between June 2020 and December 2021. Uninsured patients included CFCC recipients and self-pay patients. We compared mortality over 180 days of follow-up using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for gender, age, race/ethnicity, and co-morbidities. Additional outcomes included 90-day mortality, need for mechanical ventilation, and intubation within 24 hours of presentation.
resultsAmong 2,047 patients, 47.0% received CFCC and 53.0% were self-pay. Overall, CFCC patients were older, more likely Hispanic, and had more diagnosed co-morbidities. CFCC patients had decreased adjusted mortality compared to self-pay (aHR 0.61, 95% CI [0.45 to 0.82], p < 0.01), with an absolute risk reduction of 3.3% and a number needed to treat (NNT) with CFCC of 30.4 (95% CI 21.4-66.6). CFCC was associated with lower 90-day mortality compared to self-pay (OR = 0.64, 95% CI [0.45-0.92], p = 0.01), despite similar need for ventilation. Intubation within 24 hours of presentation was lower for CFCC compared to self-pay (OR = 0.46, 95% CI [0.22-0.93], p = 0.03).
conclusionsCFCC was associated with decreased mortality among the uninsured hospitalized with COVID-19. The NNT for CFCC to prevent 1 death among uninsured patients was similar to that for standard medications to treat COVID-19. These findings support expanding coverage to improve COVID-19 outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.