ReviewAnnals of hematology2025
Expanding the frontier of CAR therapy: comparative insights into CAR-T, CAR-NK, CAR-M, and CAR-DC approaches.
Review in Annals of hematology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- CD47 monoclonal antibody enhances the inhibitory effect of anti-HER2 chimeric antigen receptor macrophages on ovarian cancer.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Optimizing next-generation CAR-macrophages against solid tumors: challenges and potential strategies.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Precision immuno-oncology in NSCLC: integrating ADCs, therapeutic vaccines, and adoptive cell therapies for next-generation systemic treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal control of immunogenic cell death: rewiring tumor-immune dialogues for next-generation immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Development and characterization of chimeric antigen receptor macrophages for amyloid clearance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting the synovial engine: next-generation engineered immune cells to eradicate pathogenic FLS in rheumatoid arthritis, with safety-first, selective designs.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CAR-NK Engineering to Overcome TME Barriers.Cells · 2025Review
- CAR-M therapy in the era of tumor immunotherapy: current research progress and engineering strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Editorial: Achilles heel of CAR T-cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Engineered cell therapies for autoimmune diseases: evaluating CAR-T and CAR-M progress and prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapies have demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy in hematological malignancies, validating their therapeutic potential. However, challenges such as therapeutic resistance and limited accessibility hinder their broader application. To overcome these limitations, alternative CAR-based cell therapies, including CAR-Natural Killer (CAR-NK), CAR-macrophage (CAR-M), and CAR-dendritic cell (CAR-DC) therapies, have been proposed. Compared with CAR-T, CAR-NK cells have a higher safety profile in terms of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity, while being naturally cytotoxic, making them a promising option. Despite these advantages, CAR-NK therapy is limited by issues such as insufficient tissue infiltration and low transduction efficiency. CAR-M cells, with their potent infiltration capabilities and ability to function as antigen-presenting cells, also hold promise but face challenges related to suboptimal viral transduction efficiency. CAR-DCs are emerging as a highly promising approach and are currently undergoing active investigation. This review summarizes the profiles, current clinical trials, and comparative advantages and limitations of CAR-T, CAR-NK, CAR-M, and CAR-DC therapies. Finally, we discuss the key challenges to be addressed and the future prospects of these evolving CAR-based cell therapies.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.