ArticleInternational journal of police science & management2024
Work-related stress among sworn and non-sworn law enforcement personnel.
Article in International journal of police science & management, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Occupational trauma and probable PTSD among sworn and civilian police employees.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Sworn law enforcement personnel in the United States face high rates of work-related stress. Yet, the well-being of more than 300,000 non-sworn personnel, particularly regarding work-related trauma and stress, remains underexplored. This study aims to test the hypothesis that non-sworn personnel experience lower levels of stress, comparing stress and probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) between sworn and non-sworn personnel. The study recruited 283 sworn and 85 non-sworn personnel from two large urban law enforcement agencies in the Twin Cities, Minnesota, between May and October 2021, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic and the civil unrest following the murder of George Floyd. Participants completed an online survey measuring perceived work-related stress (organizational and operational) and PTSD validated by PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) questionnaire. The study considered different intensities of exposure to COVID and civil unrest, demographics, and worker characteristics as covariates in linear regression models, comparing stress outcomes among sworn and non-sworn personnel. The results showed no significant difference in operational and organizational stress levels between groups, except regarding pension eligibility (non-sworn < 5 years, sworn < 10 years). Non-sworn personnel not yet pension-eligible reported lower organizational stress (β = -10.1, CI = -18.84, -1.36). PCL-5 scores averaged 20.2 ± 17.4 for sworn and 23.6 ± 19.1 for non-sworn personnel, indicating no significant difference in probable PTSD (β = 3.24, CI = -4.19, 10.67). Both groups experienced similar stress levels, though non-sworn personnel ineligible for pension benefits showed lower organizational stress. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions and enhanced mental health services for all law enforcement personnel, regardless of classification.
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