Trial reportDrug design, development and therapy2025
Norepinephrine or Phenylephrine to Prevent Spinal Anesthesia-Induced Hypotension During Cesarean Section: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Study of Fetal Cerebral Perfusion.
Trial report in Drug design, development and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- ED95 determination of continuous norepinephrine infusion for preventing spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in obese parturients during cesarean delivery.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Review
- Diagnostic accuracy of the HUAWEI WATCH D for measuring spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension during elective cesarean section: a diagnostic test.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension can cause detrimental effects on both the mother and the fetus, and it remains a significant concern in obstetric anesthesia. The use of vasopressors is considered the most reliable and effective approach. Previous studies have shown that norepinephrine appears to be superior to phenylephrine in maintaining maternal heart rate and cardiac output. Therefore, we hypothesize that norepinephrine is more effective than phenylephrine in maintaining neonatal cerebral perfusion when used to prevent spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension. Patients and Methods: This study is a prospective, double-blinded, randomized trial. We enrolled 216 singleton parturients who were scheduled for elective cesarean delivery. The patients received a prophylactic intravenous infusion of either norepinephrine (0.08 μg/kg/min) or phenylephrine (0.5 μg/kg/min). Maternal cardiac output was not routinely monitored during the study period. Fetal ultrasound examinations were performed, with blood velocity measured in the middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery, and the cerebroplacental ratio calculated. Results: Ninety subjects were ultimately analyzed in each group. The changes in blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery, as well as the calculated cerebroplacental ratio at 3 and 6 minutes after spinal anesthesia, did not differ significantly between the two groups. The estimated difference of ΔCPR in two groups was - 0.01 (95% CI, -0.05-0.02, P = 0.491) at 3 minutes and was 0.02 (95% CI, -0.01-0.07, P = 0.204) at 6 minutes. Conclusion: Prophylactic infusion of norepinephrine or phenylephrine at comparable doses has similar effects on fetal cerebral perfusion.
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