Trial reportJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2025
Nigral stimulation for freezing of gait: kinematic gait parameters inform optimization of stimulation frequency.
Trial report in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Low vs high frequency deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease-associated motor symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Age, emotional burden and deep brain stimulation electrode location shape Parkinson's disease quality of life.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Innovative technology allows for personalization of stimulation frequency in dual-site deep brain stimulation (DBS), offering promise for challenging symptoms in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), particularly freezing of gait (FoG). Early results suggest that combining standard subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation with substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) stimulation may improve FoG outcomes. However, patient response and the optimal SNr stimulation frequency vary. Our randomized controlled trial studied patients with advanced PD and persistent FoG, while recording gait kinematics through wearable inertial sensors, along with clinical assessments and patient-reported outcomes. In a with-subjects design, we compared a no-stimulation control with four stimulation conditions: Mono-site STN stimulation at 119 Hz and three dual-site protocols (STN + SNr) with SNr stimulation at 119 Hz, 71 Hz, or 30 Hz, keeping total electrical energy delivered (TEED) constant between SNr conditions. Significant interindividual variability was observed for the optimal stimulation protocol, with comparable proportions favoring STN, STN + SNr119, and STN + SNr71. Changes in spatial and temporal gait parameters, such as stride length and swing time, correlated significantly with FoG clinical improvements, with high correlation coefficients (> 0.8). Optimized stimulation parameters also led to improvements in patient-reported outcomes, highlighting the potential of digital biomarkers in tailoring DBS protocols for individualized outcomes.
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