Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40924315›Full record

ArticleActa parasitologica2025

Design of a Multi-epitope Antigen for Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis: An Immunoinformatics Approach.

Negar Asadi, Elham Yousefi, Sadegh Feizollahzadeh, Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh, Shahram Khademvatan, Gordon S Howarth

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In one paragraph

Article in Acta parasitologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Negar AsadiStudent Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Elham YousefiCellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Sadegh FeizollahzadehCellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Mortaza Taheri-AnganehCellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. mortazataheri@yahoo.com.
Shahram KhademvatanCellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. khademvatan@yahoo.com.
Gordon S HowarthSchool of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Mudla Wirra Road, Roseworthy, SA, 5371, Australia.

Funding

Urmia University of Medical Sciences 12161
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii, as an obligatory intracellular protozoan, can infect a diverse array of individuals and warm-blooded creatures. Considering the worldwide public health implications caused by T. gondii infection, it is an important goal to develop effective diagnostic tests or vaccines. The application of natural antigens derived from the parasite in these assessments encounters challenges, including the complexities of culturing the parasites, strain differences, and the high cost of kits produced based on natural antigens. The current bioinformatic study aimed to develop a multi-epitope T. gondii protein based on various immunoinformatic web servers to improve serodiagnosis. The linear and conformational B-cell epitope prediction of Surface Antigens 1(SAG1) and 2(SAG2), Dense granule proteins 2 (GRA2), 6 (GRA6), and 7 (GRA7), was conducted by the ABCpred and BepiPred servers, respectively. A variety of web servers were then accessed to predict antigenicity, solubility, and physicochemical properties, as well as to analyze secondary and tertiary structures, refine the 3D model, and validate the findings. Consequently, conformational B-cell epitopes were identified to explore potential protein-antibody interactions. In conclusion, further experimental evaluation is necessary for this multi-epitope construct for its subsequent incorporation in commercial serodiagnostic kits.

Indexed as

Antigens, ProtozoanEpitopesEpitopes, B-LymphocyteToxoplasmaToxoplasmosisAnimalsAntibodies, ProtozoanComputational BiologyHumansImmunoinformaticsProtozoan ProteinsSerologic TestsAntibodies, ProtozoanAntigens, ProtozoanEpitopesEpitopes, B-LymphocyteProtozoan ProteinsAntigensBioinformaticsEpitope predictionMolecular dynamicsMulti-epitopeSerodiagnosisToxoplasma Gondii

Identifiers

PMID40924315

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.