Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40924194›Full record

ArticleExperimental brain research2025

Individual alpha frequency tACS modifies the detection of space-time optical illusion.

Francesco Neri, Vincenzo Catrambone, Alessandra Cinti, Adriano Scoccia, Alberto Benelli, Sara Romanella, Laetitia Grabot, Gaetano Valenza, Carmelo Luca Smeralda, Emiliano Santarnecchi and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Experimental brain research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Francesco NeriSiena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. francesco.neri3@unisi.it.
Vincenzo CatramboneDepartment of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Bioengineering & Robotics Research Center "E. Piaggio", Pisa, Italy.
Alessandra CintiSiena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Adriano ScocciaSiena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Alberto BenelliSiena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Sara RomanellaPrecision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Laetitia GrabotCognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA, DRF/Joliot, NeuroSpin, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Gaetano ValenzaDepartment of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Bioengineering & Robotics Research Center "E. Piaggio", Pisa, Italy.
Carmelo Luca SmeraldaSiena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Emiliano SantarnecchiPrecision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Virginie van WassenhoveCognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA, DRF/Joliot, NeuroSpin, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Simone RossiSiena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Postdiction is a perceptual phenomenon where the perception of an earlier stimulus is influenced by a later one. This effect is commonly studied using the 'rabbit illusion', in which temporally regular, but spatially irregular, stimuli are perceived as equidistant. While previous research has focused on short inter-stimulus intervals (100-200 ms), the role of longer intervals, which may engage late attentional processes, remains unexplored. This study investigates whether postdiction is purely perceptual or also involves attentional mechanisms by using visual stimuli separated by extended intervals. 33 participants (17 females) were assigned to two experimental groups with two different temporal inter-flash intervals (IFI) between stimuli (250 ms: 250-IFI group; 500 ms: 500-IFI). Two stimulation protocols of active transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) and one control condition were tested on the left precuneus/inferior parietal gyrus: (i) transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at the individual alpha frequency (IAF) (IAF-tACS); (ii) transcranial random noise stimulation across the whole alpha band (i.e., 8-12 Hz, Alpha-tRNS) and (iii) a placebo (Sham) stimulation. The postdiction phenomenon was observable in both experimental groups. The participants in the 500-IFI group demonstrated enhanced performance in detecting the illusion during the rabbit illusion task when IAF-tACS was applied. The behavioral results suggest that attentional functions, beyond perceptual ones, play a key role in the postdiction phenomenon.

Indexed as

Alpha RhythmAttentionOptical IllusionsParietal LobeSpace PerceptionTime PerceptionTranscranial Direct Current StimulationAdultFemaleHumansMalePhotic StimulationYoung AdultIAF-tACSPostdictionRabbit illusionSpace–time illusion

Identifiers

PMID40924194
PMCPMC12420703

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.