Trial reportAnesthesiology2025
Effects of Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil on Neurodevelopment of Children after Inhalation Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Trial report in Anesthesiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- New study does not support use of dexmedetomidine-remifentanil to change neurodevelopmental outcomes of sevoflurane.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Effects of Repeated Early-life Anesthesia Exposure on Visual System Development in Mice.Anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Sedative medications: a potentially modifiable risk factor for improving neurocognitive outcomes after critical illness in infants and children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Bioengineered human brain organoids and organ-on-chip platforms for exposure-aware assessment of developmental neurotoxicity induced by general anesthetics and sedatives.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnesthetic exposure in young children raises concerns about neurodevelopmental safety, with preclinical evidence suggesting potential neurotoxicity of volatile anesthetics. This study aimed to assess whether the combination of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil, by reducing sevoflurane exposure, has any differential effect on neurodevelopmental outcomes in young children compared with sevoflurane alone.
methodsThis study was a prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial including children younger than 2 yr undergoing nonstaged, nonrepetitive surgeries. Participants received dexmedetomidine and remifentanil as adjuncts to sevoflurane (DEX-R group) or sevoflurane alone (control group). The study assessed their neurodevelopmental status at 28 to 30 months using the Korean Leiter International Performance Scale and the Child Behavior Checklist, as predefined secondary outcomes. The primary endpoint-full-scale IQ at 5 yr of age-will be reported after completion of long-term follow-up.
resultsAmong 400 enrolled participants, 343 completed assessments (169 control, 176 DEX-R). There was no difference in the mean anesthesia duration between the control and DEX-R groups (77.1 min vs. 72.8 min; mean difference [95% CI], 4.4 [-3.8 to 12.6]; P = 0.293). The mean end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was significantly lower in the DEX-R group than in the control group (1.8 vol% vs. 2.6 vol%; mean difference [95% CI], -0.9 [-1.0 to -0.7] vol%; P < 0.001). The mean full-scale IQ score was 102.5 ± 11.5 in the DEX-R group and 103.6 ± 11.5 in the control group (mean difference, -1.1; 95% CI, -3.9 to 1.7; P = 0.442). No significant difference was observed in the Child Behavior Checklist total score between groups.
conclusionsThe addition of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil to sevoflurane anesthesia was not associated with significant differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes at 28 to 30 months compared to sevoflurane alone.
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