ArticleAlcohol, clinical & experimental research2025
Internalizing symptoms are indirectly associated with simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use through specific motives for simultaneous use: A longitudinal study of young adults.
Article in Alcohol, clinical & experimental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predictive and discriminant validity of the Impaired Control Scale - Cannabis (ICS-C): an intensive longitudinal study of daily cannabis use outcomes.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Behavioral phenotypes associated with cannabis and alcohol substitution.Harm reduction journal · 2026Observational
- Internalizing symptoms are indirectly associated with simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use through specific motives for simultaneous use: A longitudinal study of young adults.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThis study examined motivational pathways between internalizing symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress) and simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use among young adults.
methodsParticipants (N = 151; 64% female, Mean age = 22.07) completed baseline questionnaires assessing internalizing symptoms and simultaneous use motives, and then reported their alcohol and cannabis use each day for 21 days. Participants repeated these procedures again 6 months and 12 months postbaseline. Daily survey responses were used to calculate the number of simultaneous use days involving heavy drinking (4 or more drinks for females; 5 or more drinks for males) and light drinking at each wave for each participant. The total number of negative consequences reported across all simultaneous use days was also calculated for each participant at each wave.
resultsMultilevel mediation analyses revealed that within-person increases in internalizing symptoms (a latent factor consisting of depression, anxiety, and stress indicators) at a given wave were indirectly associated with (a) a greater number of heavy drinking simultaneous use days (controlling for number of cannabis-only days and heavy drinking alcohol-only days) and (b) greater negative consequences on simultaneous use days (controlling for negative consequences on cannabis-only and alcohol-only days). These within-person associations were mediated by increases in positive (i.e., reward/enhancement) motives for simultaneous use. At the between-person level, greater average internalizing symptoms (aggregated across waves) were indirectly associated with more light drinking simultaneous use days via coping motives, and with fewer heavy drinking simultaneous use days via conformity motives (controlling for frequency of single substance use).
conclusionsYoung adults may combine cannabis with heavy episodic drinking more frequently during periods when they experience elevations in internalizing symptoms, mediated by a desire to achieve the positive/enhancing effects of simultaneous use. Findings may inform alcohol and cannabis harm reduction interventions tailored for young adults with internalizing symptoms.
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