SynthesisPsychiatry and clinical neurosciences2025
Repurposed antihypertensive drugs for negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by positive, negative, and general psychopathological symptoms. While antipsychotic drugs are effective for positive symptoms, they provide limited benefit for negative symptoms, which are often persistent and strongly associated with functional disability. Additionally, up to 30% of patients exhibit resistance to current treatments, including clozapine. These challenges underscore the need for novel adjunctive strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis, preregistered in PROSPERO (CRD42022359199), evaluated the efficacy and safety of repurposed antihypertensive drugs (AHTs) as adjunctive treatments for schizophrenia. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for double-blind, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published since 2000. Twelve studies were included (n = 436; sodium nitroprusside = 6; diuretics = 4; telmisartan = 1; clonidine = 1). Meta-analyses were conducted on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) outcomes and adverse event (AE) rates. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated as Hedges' g using a restricted maximum likelihood estimator. Incidence rate ratios modeled AE rates. AHTs significantly improved negative symptoms (SMD = -0.37 [-0.59, -0.15]; I
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.