Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40923509›Full record

ArticleJournal of Korean medical science2025

A Novel Mouse Model of Mixed Dementia Using Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Induced by Bilateral Carotid Artery Stenosis.

Jang Hun Kim, Ho-Young Kang, Sung Young Park, Yoo Mi Yang, Sang-Kyung Jo, Dongho Geum, Jong-Hoon Kim, Dong-Hyuk Park

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Korean medical science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jang Hun KimDepartment of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8557-1627
Ho-Young KangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6076-3673
Sung Young ParkDepartment of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6126-1237
Yoo Mi YangDepartment of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3663-098X
Sang-Kyung JoDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-0258
Dongho GeumDepartment of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9979-5699
Jong-Hoon KimLaboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3419-0538
Dong-Hyuk ParkDepartment of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4133-9479

Funding

Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine 22A0204L1Korea University K2310571
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) have distinct pathognomonic features, but they frequently co-occur as mixed dementia (MD) in elderly adults. This study aimed to develop a novel MD mouse model using bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) in 5 times familial Alzheimer's disease (5xFAD) transgenic mice and characterize its behavioral and histological features.

methodsThirteen C57BL/6 and sixteen 5xFAD transgenic mice were prepared. Six C57BL/6 and seven 5xFAD transgenic mice underwent BCAS surgery, and all mice were housed for 3 months. Mice were divided into wild-type (n = 7), VaD (n = 6), AD (n = 9), and MD (n = 7) groups. Neurobehavioral tests, including the Y-maze test (YMT) and passive avoidance test (PAT), along with immunohistochemical analysis of amyloid β plaque (6E10) and myelin basic protein, were performed.

resultsMD mice exhibited similar deficits in YMT as AD and VaD groups but had significantly worse performance in PAT compared to all other groups. Histologically, MD mice showed amyloid-β accumulation in the cortex/hippocampus and axonal degeneration in the corpus callosum.

conclusionThis novel MD model demonstrates key features of both AD and VaD, providing a valuable tool for studying the pathophysiology of mixed dementia and testing potential therapeutic interventions.

Indexed as

Carotid StenosisDementia, VascularDisease Models, AnimalAlzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-PeptidesAnimalsBehavior, AnimalHippocampusHumansMaleMaze LearningMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicMixed DementiasMyelin Basic ProteinAmyloid beta-PeptidesMyelin Basic ProteinAlzheimer's DiseaseBilateral Carotid Artery StenosisChronic Cerebral HypoperfusionMixed DementiaVascular Dementia

Identifiers

PMID40923509
PMCPMC12418210

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.