Trial reportAnnals of African medicine2026
Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine on Delirium in Elderly Patients Postoperatively: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Annals of African medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
introductionDelirium, a common acute brain dysfunction in older adults, features rapid changes in attention, awareness, and thinking that fluctuate. It presents diversely with altered activity levels and sleep. Postoperative delirium (POD), often seen in the postanesthesia care unit, is a temporary mental status change, with hypoactivity being common. Low arousal is not the same as altered brain function.
methodsIt is a double-blind randomized controlled trial enrolling 130 patients. The primary objective was to determine whether intraoperative dexmedetomidine administration reduced the incidence of POD in elderly patients. Group A received dexmedetomidine infusion at 0.5 μg/kg/h without a loading dose after induction, and Group B received the same volume of normal saline after induction. Patients were assessed for delirium twice a day until the 5 th postoperative day.
resultsDelirium was present in 14 participants (10.8%) in Group A and 25 participants (19.2%) in Group B, totaling 39 participants (30%) across both the groups. The majority of participants (71.8%) experienced delirium resolution within 24 h, with a higher proportion in Group B compared to Group A.
conclusionDexmedetomidine demonstrated a beneficial role in reducing the incidence and duration of delirium, stabilizing hemodynamic parameters, and shortening hospital stay compared to normal saline. Incorporating dexmedetomidine into standard sedation protocols, alongside nonpharmacological strategies, may improve patient outcomes and enhance recovery.
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