Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40922593›Full record

ArticleNeurourology and urodynamics2025

Triathletes and Urinary Incontinence: An Investigation of Prevalence and Associated Factors.

Tais Schwamberger, Thuane Huyer da Roza, Eliane Regina Mendoza Arbieto, Isabela Cardoso Ferreira, Letícia Beatrice Tramontin Schuler, Luiz Henrique Cabral Duarte, Soraia Cristina Tonon da Luz

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In one paragraph

Article in Neurourology and urodynamics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Tais SchwambergerLaboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8630-9876
Thuane Huyer da RozaLaboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
Eliane Regina Mendoza ArbietoLaboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
Isabela Cardoso FerreiraLaboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
Letícia Beatrice Tramontin SchulerLaboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
Luiz Henrique Cabral DuarteLaboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6974-9488
Soraia Cristina Tonon da LuzLaboratório de Biomecânica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil.

Funding

This study was funded by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) (ROR identifier: 00x0ma614).
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) among Brazilian female triathletes and to identify associated factors, focusing on demographic, obstetric, and sports-related variables.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 90 female triathletes. Data on age, body mass index (BMI), pregnancy history, parity, delivery type, training frequency, and weekly training volume were collected through in-person interviews and an online questionnaire. UI severity was assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with UI severity, and multinomial logistic regression examined associations between training volume and UI type.

resultsThe prevalence of UI was 43.3%. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) was the most common type (25.6%). A greater number of deliveries was associated with increased UI severity (OR = 1.577; 95% CI: 1.047-2.374), while higher training frequency was protective against UI (OR = 0.761; 95% CI: 0.607-0.954). Increased running volume was associated with greater odds of presenting mixed UI (OR = 1.004; 95% CI: 1.001-1.006). Weekly training frequency was inversely associated with both stress and mixed UI.

conclusionsUI was reported by 43.3% of triathletes, with SUI being the most prevalent type at 25.6%. Parity was the only sociodemographic factor significantly associated with UI. Higher weekly frequency in all disciplines appeared to reduce the likelihood of UI, especially SUI. In contrast, running volume showed a minimal or no association with an increased risk of MUI.

Indexed as

AthletesUrinary IncontinenceAdultBrazilCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMiddle AgedParityPregnancyPrevalenceRisk FactorsRunningSeverity of Illness IndexSurveys and Questionnairesathletesexerciselogistic modelspelvic floorstress urinary incontinence

Identifiers

PMID40922593
PMCPMC12550347

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.