Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40921839›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2025

Evaluation of posture in four different robotic surgical systems.

Dolores T Krauss, Stefanie Brunner, Jennifer A Eckhoff, Christian Storms, Benjamin Babic, Thomas Schulz, Lorenzo Macone, Jun Kinoshita, Kengo Hayashi, Saki Hayashi and 3 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Dolores T KraussDepartment for General, Visceral, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Stefanie BrunnerDepartment for General, Visceral, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Jennifer A EckhoffDepartment for General, Visceral, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Christian StormsDepartment for General, Visceral, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Benjamin BabicDepartment for General and Visceral Surgery, Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach, Germany.
Thomas SchulzDepartment of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Elisabethen Krankenhaus, Frankfurt, Germany.
Lorenzo MaconeDepartment for General, Visceral, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Jun KinoshitaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kuratsuki Higashi 2-1, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-8211, Japan.
Kengo HayashiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kuratsuki Higashi 2-1, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-8211, Japan.
Saki HayashiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kuratsuki Higashi 2-1, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-8211, Japan.
Thomas SchmidtDepartment for General, Visceral, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Christiane J BrunsDepartment for General, Visceral, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Hans F FuchsDepartment for General, Visceral, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany. Hans.fuchs@uk-koeln.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhile many ergonomic challenges traditionally faced in open and laparoscopic surgery have been overcome by robotic surgery, new challenges have been created. This study aims to identify and compare the ergonomic characteristics of a variety of robotic systems to ultimately lay the foundation for ergonomic guidelines.

methodsMeasurements evaluating the surgeon and their interaction with the new technology were applied in either a laboratory or a real-life setting. A video camera was used to capture the surgeon at the console during surgery. For evaluation of the images, axes were placed along the joints of the surgeon. Corresponding angles were calculated based on the position of the individual axes in relation to each other and compared to recommendations for a healthy workspace.

resultsA total of 13 surgeries were measured during actual cases using the DaVinci with a total of n = 20,250 pictures used for analysis; 2 surgeries were measured using the Dexter, with a total of 1,994 pictures used for analysis; 17 measurements were taken with the Hugo™ RAS System in a simulation setting, with a total of 1,179 pictures used for analysis. In addition, a total of 327 pictures from a simulation setting were used for analysis of the Hinotori. Corresponding angles for knee, elbow, and back were within recommendations for all systems; hip angles were not within recommendations for any system, and the neck posture was only within recommendations for the Hinotori.

conclusionA variety of different robotic systems differ in ergonomic requirements. The neck can be identified as an area of need for improvement for most systems. Future studies, particularly in a randomized controlled fashion, need to be performed to further analyze ergonomic features of the different systems, and guidelines displaying the variety of systems need to be implemented to create a healthy and safe workplace.

Indexed as

ErgonomicsPostureRobotic Surgical ProceduresHumansLaparoscopyDaVinci surgical systemDexter surgical systemErgonomicsHinotori surgical systemHugo surgical systemRobotic surgery

Identifiers

PMID40921839
PMCPMC12618326

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.