ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2025
CD33
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Enhanced CD33 CAR-NK cells secreting anti-CD73scFv overcome adenosine-mediated immunosuppression and improve anti-AML efficacy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- The search for safe and effective CAR-T targets in AML.Blood cancer journal · 2026Review
- Trogocytosis in cancer immunity and cellular immunotherapy: mechanisms, therapeutic challenges, and translational opportunities.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- CAR-NK cell therapy for hematologic malignancies: advances, challenges and optimization strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
34 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are often older, which brings challenges of endurance and persistent efficacy of autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies. Allogenic CAR-natural killer (NK) cell therapies may offer reduced toxicities and enhanced anti-leukemic potential against AML. CD33 CAR-NK cells have been investigated for AML therapy. However, the fratricide-mediated lysis of CD33-expressing NK cells by CD33 CAR-NK cells limits the expansion and efficacy of CD33 CAR-NK cells. Mesothelin (MSLN), a tumor differentiation antigen, is highly expressed in a fraction of patients with AML, making it a promising target for AML therapy.
methodsWe designed a novel CD33-MSLN Loop CAR (Loop CAR) and evaluated its antitumor efficacy in human umbilical cord blood-derived NK (UCB-NK) cells and human pluripotent stem cell-derived NK (hPSC-iNK) cells. To further avoid fratricide caused by endogenous CD33 expression in NK cells, we established an hPSC-derived cell line via knockout of the
resultsLoop CAR-NK cells exhibited superior cytotoxicity against dual-antigen-positive tumor cell lines and primary AML cells compared with CD33 CAR-NK and MSLN CAR-NK cells. Moreover, Loop CAR-NK cells showed upregulated signaling pathways related to NK cell activation and cytotoxic function. The loss of CD33 in iNK cells effectively avoided fratricide, improved expansion ability, and significantly enhanced CD33 and MSLN-mediated specific cytotoxicity of Loop CAR-iNK cells. Moreover, the CD33
conclusionLoop CAR empowered both UCB-NK cells and hPSC-iNK cells with superior cytotoxicity against CD33
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.