Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40921058›Full record

ArticleJMIR pediatrics and parenting2025

Evaluating the Preliminary Efficacy of the TRUST Intervention on Alone-Time and Communication During Well-Adolescent Visits: Quasi-Experimental Study.

Jyu-Lin Chen, Marissa Raymond-Flesch, Thomas J Hoffmann, Chen-Xi Lin, Ling Xu, Kimberly A Koester

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR pediatrics and parenting, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07064070 (Technology-Based Resources to Increase Uptake of Sexual Health Services for Teens), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07064070 naenrolling by invitationnot on this map

Technology-Based Resources to Increase Uptake of Sexual Health Services for Teens

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2023 to 2026Enrolled60ConditionsmHealth InterventionArmsTRUST
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jyu-Lin Chen *Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8687-4109
Marissa Raymond-Flesch *Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and the Philip R Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0037-8970
Thomas J HoffmannDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6893-4449
Chen-Xi LinSchool of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3950-249X
Ling XuSchool of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8454-8089
Kimberly A KoesterDivision of Prevention Science, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0023-1127

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlone time with health care providers is critical for adolescents, and several professional organizations recommend it. Alone time with providers promotes better utilization of health services, empowers adolescents to manage their health, and facilitates discussions on sensitive issues. However, only 40% of adolescents have private conversations with clinicians during visits. The advancement of mobile health technology provides an excellent opportunity to deliver effective interventions to promote adolescent-provider alone time with adolescents, parents, and providers.

objectiveThis pilot study aims to explore the preliminary efficacy of a technology-based intervention designed to increase alone time with providers during well-adolescent visits and its impact on trustworthiness, parent-adolescent communication, sexual risk communication, parental monitoring, and parental support before and after the intervention.

methodsA pre- and postintervention design was used. Participants were recruited through local clinics. After obtaining consent, participants accessed a study website to complete a baseline survey, independently interact with 4 educational modules on a website or cellphone, and complete a post-test survey 1 month after their well-adolescent visits. The surveys assessed alone time with providers, trustworthiness, parent-adolescent communication, sexual risk communication, parental monitoring, and parental support. Mixed model analysis and effect sizes were used to evaluate changes in these outcomes from pre- to postintervention.

resultsThirty-two dyads (38 adolescents and 32 mothers) participated in this pilot study. About 86% (n=33) of adolescents and 87% (n=28) of mothers completed the pre- and post-test assessments and the intervention. This study found a trend toward an increase in alone time from 81.6% to 84.4%, albeit not statistically significant. Adolescents initiating alone time with providers rose from 6.45% (n=2) to 18.5% (n=5). Over 90% (n=26) of adolescents reported feeling comfortable in one-on-one interactions with providers postintervention. Mixed model analysis revealed significant improvements among adolescents in parental monitoring (z=2.93, P<.001), sexual risk communication (z=3.11, P<.001), parent-adolescent communication (z=3.11, P<.001), open family communication (z=2.00, P=.04), and parental support (z=2.87, P<.001). For mothers, significant improvements were found in parental monitoring (z=2.45, P<.001) and problem family communication (z=2.24, P=.03).

conclusionsThis pilot study demonstrates promising results regarding the preliminary efficacy of a technology-based intervention to increase alone time with providers during well-adolescent visits and to enhance communication and parenting practices. Improving access to alone time and strengthening communication between parents and adolescents facilitates discussions about sensitive topics, including parental monitoring, sexual and reproductive health, and may strengthen overall satisfaction with health care.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT07064070; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07064070.

Indexed as

alone timeparent-adolescent communicationparental monitoringparental supportsexual and reproductive healthtechnology-based interventionwell-child visits

Identifiers

PMID40921058
PMCPMC12455170

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.