Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40921041›Full record

ArticleJournal of occupational and environmental hygiene2025

Computational modeling for PPE filtration: Informed by material characterization, microbial penetration, and particle mechanics.

William Kastor, Andrew Martin, Sang Hyuk Lee, Xiao Fu, F Selcen Kilinc-Balci, Christian Coby, Ethan Cohen, David M Saylor, Robert Elder, Katherine Vorvolakos and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

William KastorDivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Andrew MartinDivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Sang Hyuk LeeDivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Xiao FuDivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
F Selcen Kilinc-BalciNational Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Christian CobyNational Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Ethan CohenDivision of Biological Physics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland.
David M SaylorDivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Robert ElderDivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Katherine VorvolakosDivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Marc DonohueDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Steven C WoodDivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Enusha KarunasenaDivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

Funding

Intramural FDA HHS FD999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This work assesses the current characterization framework of single-use personal protective equipment (PPE) per recognized consensus standards and presents a novel quantitative approach to refining characterization of barrier materials and predicting PPE performance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and image analysis software (Diameter J) were used to examine the microscopic fiber and pore structure of filter layers of surgical N95 filtering facepiece respirators, before and after exposure to chemicals used in decontamination modalities (vaporized hydrogen peroxide or ozone). The effect of porosity on penetration was assessed by bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) testing. Results from these experiments were incorporated into a physics-based computational model of overall filtration efficiency (OFE). Material thickness, fiber thickness, and packing density were introduced as inputs into a sequence of mathematical expressions to calculate OFE for filtration layers from surgical N95 respirators. OFE derived from the computational model was compared with experimental data for

Indexed as

FiltrationN95 RespiratorsRespiratory Protective DevicesComputer SimulationMaterials TestingMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningParticle SizeStaphylococcus aureusCOVIDdecontaminationmaskN95PPESARS

Identifiers

PMID40921041
PMCPMC13060538

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.