ArticlePloS one2025
Biomechanical characteristics of swing techniques using different clubs in college male golfers.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of EEG neurofeedback and training interventions on golf putting performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Comparisons of the biomechanical characteristics of the swing planes for the driver and 7-iron during the golf swing.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- The effect of joint angles on shot performance during the swing with different clubs among female professional golfers.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Follower arm muscle activity during the driver swing and its association with stroking performance in male golfers of different skill levels.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Foot-ground interaction and clubhead speed: impulse-based energy transfer as the key mechanism in the golf swing.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGolf is a sophisticated sport that integrates precision, skillfulness, and strategic thinking, with swing techniques of different clubs exhibiting distinct biomechanical characteristics. This study aims to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of golfers' full swings with different clubs from kinematic and dynamics perspectives, thereby providing insights for optimizing full swing techniques.
methodsTen low-handicap right-handed college male golfers were recruited, and their full swing parameters with the driver, 5-iron, and 7-iron (each club was successfully collected 10 times) were synchronously collected using a 250 Hz infrared motion capture system and a 1000 Hz three-dimensional force platform. A one-way ANOVA was conducted to compare biomechanical indicators during the swing motion across different clubs.
resultsThere were significant kinematic differences between the driver and irons, yet smaller differences between 5-iron and 7-iron. As a whole, irons showed a faster peak time and a smaller angular velocity. The GRF of different clubs exhibited different dynamic characteristics at various swing moments, yet the dynamic regularity remained consistent throughout the full swing. During the downswing, the horizontal angular impulse of the driver was greater than irons, and the frontal angular impulse of the 5-iron was greater than that of both driver and 7-iron.
conclusionsThe characteristics of the driver are slow - paced energy accumulation, delayed acceleration, and horizontal sweeping shots; the characteristics of the 5-iron are that the leading arm coordinates with the frontal angular impulse to optimize the shot trajectory; the characteristics of the 7-iron are compact transition and precise shots driven by the torso.
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