ArticleJournal of neurology2025
Construct validity, intrarater and interrater reliability of the Italian version of the systematic screening of handwriting difficulties (SOS) test in people with Parkinson's disease.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04876352 (Clinical and Brain Functional MRI Effects of a Rehabilitative Training of Upper Limb Using Immersive Virtual Reality in People With Parkinson's Disease), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The trial behind it
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Clinical and Brain Functional MRI Effects of a Rehabilitative Training of Upper Limb Using Immersive Virtual Reality in People With Parkinson's Disease
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe "Systematic Screening of Handwriting Difficulties in Parkinson's Disease" (SOS) test is the only tool specifically designed to evaluate handwriting in people with Parkinson's Disease (pwPD). It is language specific.
objectiveTo assess the construct validity, intrarater and interrater reliability of the Italian version of the SOS test.
methodsThirty-five pwPD and 15 healthy controls (HC) completed the Italian version of the SOS test. Participants copied an Italian text for 5 min on blank paper using a pen. Two independent raters evaluated writing speed, letter size, and handwriting quality according to the SOS test criteria. Correlations between the Italian SOS test scores, fine motor skills, and PD characteristics were analysed using Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient (ρ). Group comparisons were adjusted for education level using ANCOVA. Intrarater and interrater reliability were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) or Kendall's Tau (Kτ) coefficient depending on data distribution.
resultsThe Italian version of the SOS test showed significant correlations between writing speed and fine motor skills in pwPD (ρ = 0.40; p = 0.016). PwPD showed significantly smaller letter size (η
conclusionThe Italian version of the SOS test is a valid and reliable tool for clinically assessing handwriting in Italian-speaking pwPD. CLINICAL
trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ : NCT04876352, prospectively registered on May 6th 2021.
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