ReviewTherapeutic advances in hematology2025
Novel small-molecule therapies for myelodysplastic syndromes with IPSS-R ⩾3.5 in patients aged 60 or older: current landscape and challenges.
Review in Therapeutic advances in hematology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), particularly in older adults aged 60 years and above, present significant therapeutic challenges due to poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Higher-risk MDS (HR-MDS), defined by the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System score of ⩾3.5, is characterized by increased myeloblasts, severe cytopenia, and a median survival of <2 years. The pathogenesis involves complex genetic mutations, cytogenetic abnormalities, and a dysregulated bone marrow microenvironment. Current standard therapies, such as hypomethylating agents and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, are often inadequate, especially in older patients with comorbidities and limited clinical trial eligibility. This review highlights emerging targeted therapies for older HR-MDS patients, focusing on small-molecule agents for their critical advantages like patient-friendly oral delivery, lower production barriers, improved access to intracellular targets, and flexible dosing strategies. Venetoclax, an oral B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) inhibitor, has shown promise in clinical trials but requires further validation. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) inhibitors, including ivosidenib and olutasidenib, have demonstrated efficacy and tolerability, while ongoing investigations explore other novel agents like IDH2 inhibitors and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitors. By summarizing the latest advancements, this review emphasizes the importance of developing safe, effective, and personalized therapies to improve outcomes and quality of life for older patients with HR-MDS, with a focus on age-specific clinical trials.
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