ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
The impact of immunotherapy on the prognosis of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a propensity score-matched analysis of a retrospective study.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) is a rare neuroendocrine malignancy with no standardized treatment regimen. This study aims to evaluate the impact of immunotherapy on the prognostic survival outcomes of patients with SCCE. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 83 SCCE patients treated at the Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and the Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2020 to June 2024. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to minimize potential biases between patients who received combination immunotherapy and those who did not. Survival outcomes, including overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method, while univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Among the 83 patients included, 33 received combination immunotherapy and 50 did not. Prior to PSM, clinicopathological comparisons revealed that tumor size was significantly larger in the non-immunotherapy group (P = 0.032), and the immunotherapy group had more advanced N stages (P = 0.015). After 1:1 PSM, 20 matched pairs were analyzed. The immunotherapy group demonstrated a significantly longer OS compared to the non-immunotherapy group (22 months Conclusions: This study demonstrates that combination immunotherapy significantly improves overall survival in SCCE patients and represents an effective treatment strategy for this rare malignancy.
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